I haven’t checked but I’m gonna assume this motor has cam phasers. If it does, they need replaced.

That had some small debris to go thru & scratched it, no big deal, were at an issue it would quickly have got eaten up look like rough concrete or worse,- 99% of that is still smooth, just drive it there are thousands of engines on the road with similar places,- that is what oil is for to lube & carry away debris & most of it is there stuck in the muck when engines are torn down & rebuilt, your nowhere near that from a scratch, Byproducts of combustion are carbon & like coal these particles darken oil with time/miles turns opaque with these sharp particles seen under a microscope that cause engine wear.

It’s going in the direction of rotation-with that mileage, all I’d consider that is ‘normal wear & tear’, if no issues with oil pressure, due to similar wear elsewhere in the engine (cam/crank journals-which you’d have to tear down to find), I would consider that normal for age.

If it ain’t broke, DON’T ‘fix it’-

Not with that mileage. Keep it full and clean and leave it alone.

Remove valve cover and check all the lobes, some minor scoring will be ok not the end of the world but the others might be pitted, chipped or anything, sludge build up in those areas can cause it scoring.

I would just leave it alone. Don’t know what weight or type of oil you are using. I had a six cylinder chevy Silverado had over 231,000 miles on it when I sold it and it is still going today.

Drove from Michigan to Florida with a cap on the box and filled to the brim.

Well over the half-ton capacity. It had 213,000 miles on it when I went to Florida.